All automotive oils on the market are divided into three categories depending on their composition:
- mineral,
- semi-synthetic,
- synthetic.
But if you already own a car, then you probably know this information. The assortment of goods is quite large and varied. In order to be convinced of this, it is enough to follow the link https://pn.com.ua/ct/3301/. As a rule, the manufacturer indicates the type of oil on the canister. But in order to find the right oil, it is not enough to be able to read.
Criteria for aspects of engine operation such as overheating protection and its serviceability mainly depend on the degree of oil viscosity. For the summer period, it is better to choose a thick oil, as it is able to maintain its volume even at critically high temperatures. For winter, on the contrary. Synthetic and mineral oils are best for working in the cold.
The consistency density parameter has three indicators - SAE, API, ACEA
The selection of automotive oil according to SAE includes two criteria - the type of oil and the mileage of the car. For buyers, SAE is the main reference point, as the information on the canister is highlighted in bold large print.
The SAE oil type includes three classes: summer, all-season and winter. The latter are marked with a letter (W).
For marking winter engine oils, 6 classes are used: 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W. The number preceding the letter indicates the minimum overboard temperature at which it is better to use this oil. The number after the letter indicates the degree of viscosity of the composition.
Summer oils have 5 classes: 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60. Accordingly, the numbers will mean the maximum air temperature, which is optimal for the functioning of the composition.
All-season oils combine all the strengths of the previous options. They are marked as follows - SAE 5W-40, SAE 10W-30. The number in front of the letter indicates the viscosity of the oil at the minimum temperature, and after the letter at the maximum.
If you decide to use multigrade engine oil, then for our country, experts recommend choosing exactly 10W.
The next option is mileage matching. In this ratio, the first number will denote the% mileage from the planned resource, and the second - the marking of the recommended engine oil:
- up to 25 - SAE 5W-30 / 10W-30 (all-season)
- 25-75 - 5W30 / 10W30 (winter), SAE 5W-40 (all season)
- over 75 - SAE 5W40 / 10W40 (winter), SAE 5W-40 (all-season)
Next, let's move on to the selection by API, which, depending on the operational properties, are divided into:
- formulations for gasoline engines marked "S";
- energy saving liquids, marked "EC";
- diesel engine oils are designated with the letter "C";
- universal formulations for gasoline and diesel engines designated “API SN / CJ”.
The last selection option is with the help of ACEA. This classification is ACEA used in Europe and is a list of the most stringent requirements for engine design and operation. This classification has only 3 classes:
- for diesel and gasoline engines of passenger cars, oils marked "A / B" are selected;
- if a passenger car running on diesel or gasoline has a catalyst and particulate filters, choose oil marked "C";
- engine oils marked with the "E" symbol are suitable for trucks and special equipment running on diesel engines.
Each of the class has its own subclasses. A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A3 / B4, A5 / B5 or C1, C2 and C3. They are needed to indicate some of the technical characteristics of the car.
Reputable oil manufacturers typically list capacities in all three grades under each of the SAE, API and ACEA abbreviations. But most buyers, when choosing, focus only on the first values.
